Perro Rojo (1983) is the chromatic counterpart to Perro Negro. Where the black dog carries weight and shadow, the red dog burns with Mediterranean intensity, its form flattened into heraldic presence. Both works demonstrate Costus’s ability to charge a simple motif — an animal, a colour — with cultural resonance that extends far beyond its apparent subject.
Costus — Juan Carrero Galofré and Enrique Naya Igueravide — were among the defining artists of La Movida Madrileña, the social and cultural movement that transformed Spanish life after the end of the Franco dictatorship. Working in Madrid from the late 1970s until Carrero Galofré’s death from AIDS in 1989, they produced a body of work that combined pop aesthetics, Mediterranean chromatic intensity, gay male imagery, and an irrepressible visual energy that made them central figures in one of the most significant moments in contemporary Spanish cultural history.
Their work is immediately recognisable: flat, bold colour; figures drawn from popular culture, mythology, and everyday life; a refusal of hierarchy between high and low subject matter; and a consistent engagement with the male body as both formal and political subject. They worked across painting, drawing, mixed media, and the recortables, producing a diverse and formally inventive body of work in a relatively short time.
Works on paper and card from this period represent Costus at their most immediate and experimental: the scale demands economy, the medium rewards directness, and the pressure of the support enters directly into the pictorial calculation. These are not studies or preparatory works but fully resolved objects, signed and intended as autonomous statements within a practice that understood the work on paper as equivalent in status to the canvas painting.
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